Diabetes Australia Risk Calculator

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels due to the body's inability to use insulin effectively (insulin resistance) or insufficient production of insulin. Several factors can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Some of the main risk factors include:

1. Obesity and Overweight: Excess body weight, particularly abdominal fat, is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Obesity can lead to insulin resistance and disrupt the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels.

2. Physical Inactivity: Lack of regular physical activity reduces the body's sensitivity to insulin and contributes to weight gain, both of which increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.

3. Unhealthy Diet: A diet high in refined carbohydrates, sugary foods, sugary beverages, and saturated fats can contribute to weight gain, insulin resistance, and an increased risk of diabetes.

4. Family History: Having a family history of diabetes increases the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes. Genetic factors can influence insulin resistance and other related metabolic issues.

5. Age: The risk of type 2 diabetes increases with age, particularly after the age of 45.

6. Ethnic Background: Certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, and Asian Americans, have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

7. Gestational Diabetes: Women who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy or gave birth to a baby weighing more than 9 pounds are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

8. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Women with PCOS, a hormonal disorder, have a higher risk of developing diabetes due to insulin resistance.

9. High Blood Pressure: Hypertension increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and vice versa. Both conditions share common risk factors, such as obesity and physical inactivity.

10. High Cholesterol Levels: Elevated levels of bad cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) and triglycerides, as well as low levels of good cholesterol (HDL cholesterol), are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

11. Sleep Disorders: Sleep apnea and other sleep disorders are linked to insulin resistance and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

12. Smoking: Smoking is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, as well as other serious health conditions.

It's important to note that while these factors increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, they do not guarantee its development. Many of these risk factors can be mitigated through lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthy diet, increasing physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking. Regular medical check-ups and discussions with healthcare professionals can help individuals understand their risk factors and take steps to prevent or manage type 2 diabetes effectively.